Free behind bars: Effects of browsing exclusion on the growth and regeneration of Zelkova abelicea
DOKPE
- Fazan, Laurence ORCID University of Fribourg
- Ghosn, Dany ORCID Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Greece
- Remoundou, Ilektra ORCID Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Greece
- Gotsiou, Panagiota Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Greece
- Thanos, Costas ORCID National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
- Pasta, Salvatore ORCID Institute of Biosciences and BioResources - Italian National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
- Garfì, Giuseppe ORCID Institute of Biosciences and BioResources - Italian National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
- Kozlowski, Gregor ORCID University of Fribourg
- 2021
Published in:
- Forest Ecology and Management. - Elsevier BV. - 2021, vol. 488, p. 1-9
Endemic threatened tree
Tree growth
Spring to early summer longitudinal precipitation gradient
Mediterranean
Mediterranean island
Plant conservation
Crete - Greece
Caprine overbrowsing
Dwarfed relict tree
Island endemic
English
Caprine overbrowsing is a main threat to trees of pastoral mountain woodlands in the Mediterranean region of Europe. In this study, we assess the impact of browsing exclusion on the growth and regeneration of the endangered Zelkova abelicea, a Paleogene relict tree endemic to Crete (Greece). Shoot elongation, height growth and natural regeneration were monitored during two to five years in 31 fenced plots across the distribution range of the species. We found that in the absence of browsing pressure, Z. abelicea produces shoots on average two times longer than when browsed, therefore clearly demonstrating the negative impact of current browsing pressure on the growth performance of the species. Shoot elongation and height growth were maximal in most plots during the first two years following fencing, after which growth rates decreased. The proportion of trees that reached a height considered out of reach of caprine browsing had more than doubled already after four years, although this was dependent on initial tree height. Shoot elongation and height growth were positively correlated with tree height, and smaller trees took more time to reach a specific height. Seedlings were only found in three fenced plots as well as in two control browsed areas during a single year and only in western Crete. This underlines the possible strong and concerning impact of climatic factors on seed formation as well as on seedling growth and survival, although site specificities such as stand structure and micro-topography should also be considered. Our findings have important implications for conservation actions, as they can help choose which stands and which individuals to fence in priority for efficient long-term conservation.
- Faculty
- Faculté des sciences et de médecine
- Department
- Département de Biologie
- Language
-
- English
- Classification
- Botany
- License
- CC BY
- Open access status
- hybrid
- Identifiers
-
- DOI 10.1016/j.foreco.2021.118967
- ISSN 0378-1127
- ISSN 1872-7042
- Persistent URL
- https://folia.unifr.ch/unifr/documents/330810
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