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Journal article

The re-emerging pathophysiological role of the cystathionine-β-synthase - hydrogen sulfide system in Down syndrome

  • Szabo, Csaba Chair of Pharmacology Section of Medicine University of Fribourg Switzerland
    14.01.2020
Published in:
  • The FEBS Journal. - 2020, vol. 287, no. 15, p. 3150-3160
English Down syndrome (DS) is associated with significant perturbances in many morphological and biochemical features. Cystathionine‐β‐synthase (CBS) is one of the key mammalian enzymes that is responsible for the biological production of the gaseous transmitter hydrogen sulfide (H2S). When H2S is overproduced, it can exert detrimental cellular effects, in part due to inhibition of mitochondrial Complex IV activity. An increased expression of CBS and the consequent overproduction of H2S are well documented in individuals with DS. Two decades ago, it has been proposed that a toxic overproduction of H2S importantly contributes to the metabolic and neurological deficits associated with DS. However, until recently, this hypothesis has not yet been tested experimentally. Recent data generated in human dermal fibroblasts show that DS cells overproduce H2S, which, in turn, suppresses mitochondrial Complex IV activity and impairs mitochondrial oxygen consumption and ATP generation. Therapeutic CBS inhibition lifts the tonic (and reversible) suppression of Complex IV: This results in the normalization of mitochondrial function in DS cells. H2S may also contribute to the cellular dysfunction via several other molecular mechanisms through interactions with various mitochondrial and extramitochondrial molecular targets. The current article provides a historical background of the field, summarizes the recently published data and their potential implications, and outlines potential translational approaches (such as CBS inhibition and H2S neutralization) and future experimental studies in this re‐emerging field of pathobiochemistry.
Faculty
Faculté des sciences et de médecine
Department
Médecine 3ème année
Language
  • English
Classification
Medicine
License
License undefined
Identifiers
Persistent URL
https://folia.unifr.ch/unifr/documents/308480
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