The discovery of wild date palms in oman reveals a complex domestication history involving centers in the middle east and africa

Gros-Balthazard, Muriel; Galimberti, Marco; Kousathanas, Athanasios; Newton, Claire; Ivorra, Sarah; Paradis, Laure; Vigouroux, Yves; Carter, Robert; Tengberg, Margareta; Battesti, Vincent; Santoni, Sylvain; Falquet, Laurent; Pintaud, Jean-Christophe; Terral, Jean-Frédéric; Wegmann, Daniel

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2017.06.045

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Journal article

The discovery of wild date palms in oman reveals a complex domestication history involving centers in the middle east and africa

Gros-Balthazard, Muriel Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution, Université de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, France - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université de Montpellier, France - Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Switzerland - Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Fribourg, Switzerland
Galimberti, Marco Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Switzerland - Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Fribourg, Switzerland
Kousathanas, Athanasios Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Switzerland - Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Fribourg, Switzerland - Unit of Human Evolutionary Genetics, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
Newton, Claire Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution, Université de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, France - Laboratoire d’Archéologie et de Patrimoine, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Canada
Ivorra, Sarah Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution, Université de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, France
Paradis, Laure Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution, Université de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, France
Vigouroux, Yves Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université de Montpellier, France
Carter, Robert UCL Qatar, University College London, Doha, Qatar
Tengberg, Margareta UMR 7209 Archéozoologie et Archéobotanique, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
Battesti, Vincent UMR 7206 Éco-anthropologie et Ethnobiologie, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
Santoni, Sylvain UMR Genetic Improvement and Adaptation of Mediterranean and Tropical Plants, INRA Montpellier, France
Falquet, Laurent Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Switzerland - Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Fribourg, Switzerland
Pintaud, Jean-Christophe Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université de Montpellier, France -
Terral, Jean-Frédéric Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution, Université de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, France -
Wegmann, Daniel Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Switzerland - Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Fribourg, Switzerland

24.07.2017

Published in:

Current Biology. - 2017, vol. 27, no. 14, p. 2211–2218.e8

English For many crops, wild relatives constitute an extraordinary resource for cultivar improvement [1, 2] and also help to better understand the history of their domestication [3]. However, the wild ancestor species of several perennial crops have not yet been identified. Perennial crops generally present a weak domestication syndrome allowing cultivated individuals to establish feral populations difficult to distinguish from truly wild populations, and there is frequently ongoing gene flow between wild relatives and the crop that might erode most genetic differences [4]. Here we report the discovery of populations of the wild ancestor species of the date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.), one of the oldest and most important cultivated fruit plants in hot and arid regions of the Old World. We discovered these wild individuals in remote and isolated mountainous locations of Oman. They are genetically more diverse than and distinct from a representative sample of Middle Eastern cultivated date palms and exhibit rounded seed shapes resembling those of a close sister species and archeological samples, but not modern cultivars. Whole-genome sequencing of several wild and cultivated individuals revealed a complex domestication history involving the contribution of at least two wild sources to African cultivated date palms. The discovery of wild date palms offers a unique chance to further elucidate the history of this iconic crop that has constituted the cornerstone of traditional oasis polyculture systems for several thousand years [5].

Faculty

Faculté des sciences et de médecine

Department

Département de Biologie

Language