Biological effects in lung cells In vitro of exhaust aerosols from a gasoline passenger car with and without particle filter
- Bisig, Christoph Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Switzerland
- Steiner, Sandro Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Switzerland
- Comte, Pierre Bern University for Applied Sciences, Nidau, Switzerland
- Czerwinski, Jan Bern University for Applied Sciences, Nidau, Switzerland
- Mayer, Andreas TTM, Technik Thermischer Maschinen, Niederrohrdorf, Switzerland
- Petri-Fink, Alke Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Switzerland
- Rothen-Rutishauser, Barbara Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Switzerland
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09.07.2015
Published in:
- Emission Control Science and Technology. - 2015, vol. 1, no. 3, p. 237–246
gasoline
exhaust emissions
in vitro 3D lung model
air-liquid interface
gasoline particle filter
toxicity
English
Exhaust aerosol from gasoline passenger cars is a complex mixture of a particulate fraction as well as volatile compounds. In contrary to the observed adverse effects of diesel exhaust particles the gasoline exhaust has, however, received little attention so far. The aim of this study was to perform a comparison of exhaust composition and biological responses from freshly produced non-filtered exhaust as well as from exhaust filtered with a noncoated gasoline particle filter (GPF). A 3D model of the human epithelial airway barrier was exposed to the exhaust directly at the air-liquid interface and different effects such as cytotoxicity, antioxidative response, pro- inflammation, and activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) were studied. In addition, genotoxicity was assessed using the Ames test. By an online analysis of the exhaust, it has been shown that the GPF efficiently filters the particle count in both the cold and warm phase when the new European driving cycle (NEDC) was applied. The lung cell tests revealed that the use of the GPF increased the antioxidative glutathionine (GSH) response as well as the pro-inflammatory potential, i.e., IL-8, expression, indicating increased cell stimulation by the volatile compounds alone. The removal of the particulate fraction, however, decreased significantly the AhR activation in comparison to unfiltered exhaust, and the exhaust genotoxicity was reduced as tested by the Ames test. In conclusion, GPF exhaust did not completely reduce the adverse effects of gasoline exhaust in the in vitro test and further experiments with a coated GPF are needed in the future.
- Faculty
- Faculté des sciences et de médecine
- Department
- Département de Chimie
- Language
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- English
- Classification
- Biological sciences
- License
- License undefined
- Identifiers
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- RERO DOC 258399
- DOI 10.1007/s40825-015-0019-6
- Persistent URL
- https://folia.unifr.ch/unifr/documents/304839
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