Calretinin: from a ‘simple’ Ca2+ buffer to a multifunctional protein implicated in many biological processes
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Schwaller, Beat
Anatomy, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
Published in:
- Frontiers in Neuroanatomy. - 2013, vol. 8, p. 3
English
The hexa-EF-hand Ca²⁺-binding protein calretinin (CR) is predominantly expressed in specific neurons of the central and peripheral nervous system. However, CR expression is also observed in non-neuronal cells, e.g., during embryonic development and in mesothelioma cells. Of the 6 EF-hand domains, 5 are functional; the first 4 domains form 2 pairs showing high cooperativity within a pair that results in non-linear modulation of intracellular Ca²⁺ signals by CR. EF-hand domain 5 has a low affinity and represents the identified interaction site with CR-binding partners present in mouse cerebellar granule cells. CR binding to other targets including the pore-forming α₁ subunit of the Ca²⁺ channel CaV2.1, as well as to huntingtin indicates additional Ca²⁺ sensor functions besides the well-known Ca²⁺-buffering functions. The absence of CR in cerebellar granule cells of CR−/− mice results in increased excitability and altered firing of Purkinje cells and promotes cerebellar 160-Hz oscillations impairing motor coordination. The putative role of CR in neuroprotection is still highly discussed. Altogether, CR emerges as a multi-functional protein also associated with development, i.e., cell proliferation, differentiation, and cell death.
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Faculty
- Faculté des sciences et de médecine
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Department
- Département de Médecine
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Language
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Classification
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Biological sciences
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License
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License undefined
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Identifiers
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Persistent URL
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https://folia.unifr.ch/unifr/documents/303405
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