Piano-stool iron(ii) complexes as probes for the bonding of n-heterocyclic carbenes: indications for -acceptor ability
Mercs, LaszloDepartment of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Switzerland
Labat, GaëlInstitute of Microtechnology, University of Neuchâtel, Switzerland
Neels, AntoniaInstitute of Microtechnology, University of Neuchâtel, Switzerland
Ehlers, AndreasScheikundig Laboratorium, Vrije Universiteit van Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Albrecht, MartinDepartment of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Switzerland
12.10.2006
Published in:
Organometallics. - 2006, vol. 25, no. 23, p. 5648 -5656
English
A series of new piano-stool iron(II) complexes comprising mono- and bidentate chelating N-heterocyclic carbene ligands [Fe(cp)(CO)(NHC)(L)]X have been prepared and analyzed by spectroscopic, electrochemical, crystallographic, and theoretical methods. Selectively substituting the L site with a series of ligands going from carbene to pyridine to CO suggests that CO is the strongest π acceptor, while the behavior of pyridine and carbene is nearly identical. This suggests that in these complexes comprising an electron-rich iron(cp)(carbene) fragment, N-heterocyclic carbenes are not pure σ donors but also moderate π acceptors. Theoretical calculations support this bonding model and indicate charge saturation at the metal as key for π back-bonding to N-heterocyclic carbenes. On the basis of voltammetric measurements, the Lever electrochemical parameter of these carbenes has been determined: EL = +0.29. Systematic substitution of the wingtip groups of the carbene revealed only subtle changes in the electronic properties of the iron center, thus providing a suitable methodology for ligand-induced fine-tuning of the coordinated metal.