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Comparative effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles and dissolved zinc on zebrafish embryos and eleuthero-embryos: importance of zinc ions.
Journal article

Comparative effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles and dissolved zinc on zebrafish embryos and eleuthero-embryos: importance of zinc ions.

  • Brun NR University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Ecopreneurship, Gründenstrasse 40, CH-4132 Muttenz, Switzerland; ETH Zurich, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, Universitätsstrasse 16, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
  • Lenz M University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Ecopreneurship, Gründenstrasse 40, CH-4132 Muttenz, Switzerland; Wageningen University, Department of Environmental Technology, NL-6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands.
  • Wehrli B ETH Zurich, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, Universitätsstrasse 16, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
  • Fent K University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Ecopreneurship, Gründenstrasse 40, CH-4132 Muttenz, Switzerland; ETH Zurich, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, Universitätsstrasse 16, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland. Electronic address: karl.fent@fhnw.ch.
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  • 2014-02-11
Published in:
  • The Science of the total environment. - 2014
Embryotoxicity
Gene expression
Laser ablation bioimaging
Pro-inflammatory response
Zinc oxide nanoparticle
Zinc uptake
Animals
Embryo, Nonmammalian
Ions
Metallothionein
Nanoparticles
Oxidative Stress
Water Pollutants, Chemical
Zebrafish
Zinc
Zinc Oxide
English The increasing use of zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnO) and their associated environmental occurrence make it necessary to assess their potential effects on aquatic organisms. Upon water contact, nZnO dissolve partially to zinc (Zn(II)). To date it is not yet completely understood, whether effects of nZnO are solely or partly due to dissolved Zn(II). Here we compare potential effects of 0.2, 1 and 5mg/L nZnO and corresponding concentrations of released Zn(II) by water soluble ZnCl2 to two development stages of zebrafish, embryos and eleuthero-embryos, by analysing expressional changes by RT-qPCR. Another objective was to assess uptake and tissue distribution of Zn(II). Laser ablation-ICP-MS analysis demonstrated that uptake and tissue distribution of Zn(II) were identical for nZnO and ZnCl2 in eleuthero-embryos. Zn(II) was found particularly in the retina/pigment layer of eyes and brain. Both nZnO and dissolved Zn(II) derived from ZnCl2 had similar inhibiting effects on hatching, and they induced similar expressional changes of target genes. At 72hours post fertilization (hpf), both nZnO and Zn(II) delayed hatching at all doses, and inhibited hatching at 1 and 5 mg/L at 96 hpf. Both nZnO and Zn(II) lead to induction of metallothionein (mt2) in both embryos and eleuthero-embryos at all concentrations. Transcripts of oxidative stress related genes cat and Cu/Zn sod were also altered. Moreover, we show for the first time that nZnO exposure results in transcriptional changes of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNFα. Overall, transcriptional alterations were higher in embryos than eleuthero-embryos. The similarities of the effects lead to the conclusion that effects of nZnO are mainly related to the release of Zn(II).
Language
  • English
Open access status
closed
Identifiers
Persistent URL
https://folia.unifr.ch/global/documents/68035
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