Cross-cultural adaptation of the Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth (PEM-CY) into German: a qualitative study in three countries.
- Krieger B School of Health Professionals, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland. beate.krieger@zhaw.ch.
- Schulze C School of Health Professionals, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland.
- Boyd J Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada.
- Amann R University Hospital Graz, Graz, Austria.
- Piškur B Research Centre for Autonomy and Participation for People with Chronic Illness, Zuyd University of Applied Sciences, Heerlen, The Netherlands.
- Beurskens A Department of Family Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Teplicky R CanChild, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
- Moser A Department of Family Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- 2020-10-25
Published in:
- BMC pediatrics. - 2020
Assessment
Children
Community
Environment
Outcome
PEM-CY
Qualitative research
Social participation
Youth
English
BACKGROUND
Concepts such as participation and environment may differ across cultures. Consequently, to use a measure like the Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth (PEM-CY) in other than the original English-speaking contexts, cultural adaptation needs to be assured. The aim of this study was to cross-culturally translate and adapt the PEM-CY into German as it is used in Germany, Austria and Switzerland.
METHODS
Fifteen parents of children and adolescents with disabilities from three German speaking countries participated in three rounds of think-aloud interviews. We followed the procedure of cultural equivalence guidelines including two additional steps. Data was analyzed by content analysis using semantic, idiomatic, experiential and conceptual equivalence.
RESULTS
Results show adaptations mainly focused on experiential and conceptual equivalence, with conceptual equivalence being the most challenging to reach. Examples of experiential equivalence included adapting the examples of activities in the PEM-CY to reflect those typical in German speaking countries. Conceptual equivalence mainly addressed aspects of "involvement" and "environment" of children and adolescents and was reached through adaptations such as enhanced instructions and structures, and additional definitions.
CONCLUSIONS
This study presents a cross-cultural translation and adaptation process to develop a German version of the PEM-CY that is suitable for Germany, Austria and Switzerland. Using a modified cultural adaptation process, a culturally adapted version of PEM-CY (German) is now available for research, practice and further validation.
Concepts such as participation and environment may differ across cultures. Consequently, to use a measure like the Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth (PEM-CY) in other than the original English-speaking contexts, cultural adaptation needs to be assured. The aim of this study was to cross-culturally translate and adapt the PEM-CY into German as it is used in Germany, Austria and Switzerland.
METHODS
Fifteen parents of children and adolescents with disabilities from three German speaking countries participated in three rounds of think-aloud interviews. We followed the procedure of cultural equivalence guidelines including two additional steps. Data was analyzed by content analysis using semantic, idiomatic, experiential and conceptual equivalence.
RESULTS
Results show adaptations mainly focused on experiential and conceptual equivalence, with conceptual equivalence being the most challenging to reach. Examples of experiential equivalence included adapting the examples of activities in the PEM-CY to reflect those typical in German speaking countries. Conceptual equivalence mainly addressed aspects of "involvement" and "environment" of children and adolescents and was reached through adaptations such as enhanced instructions and structures, and additional definitions.
CONCLUSIONS
This study presents a cross-cultural translation and adaptation process to develop a German version of the PEM-CY that is suitable for Germany, Austria and Switzerland. Using a modified cultural adaptation process, a culturally adapted version of PEM-CY (German) is now available for research, practice and further validation.
- Language
-
- English
- Open access status
- gold
- Identifiers
-
- DOI 10.1186/s12887-020-02343-y
- PMID 33099320
- Persistent URL
- https://folia.unifr.ch/global/documents/62675
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