Journal article
Gastric and intestinal satiation in obese and normal weight healthy people.
- Meyer-Gerspach AC Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.
- Wölnerhanssen B Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.
- Beglinger B Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.
- Nessenius F Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.
- Napitupulu M Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.
- Schulte FH Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.
- Steinert RE Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.
- Beglinger C Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland. Electronic address: beglinger@tmr.ch.
- 2014-03-04
Published in:
- Physiology & behavior. - 2014
Gastric emptying
Ghrelin
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)
Peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY)
Stomach
Adult
Dipeptides
Drinking
Eating
Energy Intake
Fasting
Female
Gastric Emptying
Ghrelin
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Obesity
Satiation
Stomach
Time Factors
Young Adult
English
OBJECTIVE
The gastrointestinal tract plays a key role in feelings of satiation. It is known that there is a reciprocal interaction between the stomach and intestine, but it is not known which factors are of gastric origin and which are intestinal. This three-step study therefore sought to provide illumination on satiation parameters with respect to body mass.
METHOD
In the first part, the time needed to reach maximal satiation and total caloric intake was calculated after participants (20 normal weight, 20 obese) imbibed a standardized nutrient drink. In the second part gastric emptying of solids and liquids was evaluated using the (13)C-breath test (participants: 16 normal weight, 9 obese for gastric emptying of solids; 15 normal weight, 14 obese for gastric emptying of liquids). And in the third part, fasting and post-prandial plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) and ghrelin levels were measured after a standardized nutrient drink (participants: 20 normal weight, 20 obese).
RESULTS
Our results show that, when compared to those of normal weight, obese participants reached maximal satiation sooner (P=0.006), their total intake of calories was higher (P=0.013), and their gastric emptying rates were delayed (P<0.001). Furthermore, their post-prandial increase in plasma GLP-1 and PYY was reduced, (P<0.001 for both), as was their ghrelin suppression (P=0.001).
DISCUSSION
We conclude that, in obese subjects gastric emptying can be impaired with delayed interaction of nutrients with the intestine resulting in decreased GLP-1 and PYY secretion. This could imply that obese participants would require more calories before their maximal satiation is reached and they stop eating.
The gastrointestinal tract plays a key role in feelings of satiation. It is known that there is a reciprocal interaction between the stomach and intestine, but it is not known which factors are of gastric origin and which are intestinal. This three-step study therefore sought to provide illumination on satiation parameters with respect to body mass.
METHOD
In the first part, the time needed to reach maximal satiation and total caloric intake was calculated after participants (20 normal weight, 20 obese) imbibed a standardized nutrient drink. In the second part gastric emptying of solids and liquids was evaluated using the (13)C-breath test (participants: 16 normal weight, 9 obese for gastric emptying of solids; 15 normal weight, 14 obese for gastric emptying of liquids). And in the third part, fasting and post-prandial plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) and ghrelin levels were measured after a standardized nutrient drink (participants: 20 normal weight, 20 obese).
RESULTS
Our results show that, when compared to those of normal weight, obese participants reached maximal satiation sooner (P=0.006), their total intake of calories was higher (P=0.013), and their gastric emptying rates were delayed (P<0.001). Furthermore, their post-prandial increase in plasma GLP-1 and PYY was reduced, (P<0.001 for both), as was their ghrelin suppression (P=0.001).
DISCUSSION
We conclude that, in obese subjects gastric emptying can be impaired with delayed interaction of nutrients with the intestine resulting in decreased GLP-1 and PYY secretion. This could imply that obese participants would require more calories before their maximal satiation is reached and they stop eating.
- Language
-
- English
- Open access status
- closed
- Identifiers
-
- DOI 10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.02.043
- PMID 24582673
- Persistent URL
- https://folia.unifr.ch/global/documents/49503
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