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Idiopathic systemic capillary leak syndrome (Clarkson syndrome) in childhood: systematic literature review.
Journal article

Idiopathic systemic capillary leak syndrome (Clarkson syndrome) in childhood: systematic literature review.

  • Bozzini MA Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland.
  • Milani GP Pediatric Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico and Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, via della Commenda 9, 20122, Milan, Italy. milani.gregoriop@gmail.com.
  • Bianchetti MG Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland.
  • Fossali EF Pediatric Emergency Department, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
  • Lava SAG Department of Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital of Bern, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland.
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  • 2018-06-25
Published in:
  • European journal of pediatrics. - 2018
Acute kidney injury
Capillary leak syndrome
Capillary permeability
Compartment syndrome
Adolescent
Capillary Leak Syndrome
Child
Child, Preschool
Female
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Male
Risk Factors
English Approximately 500 cases of idiopathic systemic capillary leak syndrome (Clarkson syndrome) have been reported worldwide. This life-threatening condition is characterized by episodes of increase in vascular permeability with loss of fluid into the interstitium and presents with acute onset of edema, signs of tissue hypoperfusion, hemoconcentration, and low blood protein level. It has been diagnosed mainly in middle-aged adults with a monoclonal gammopathy. We performed a systematic review of the literature on Clarkson syndrome in subjects ≤ 18 years of age. We identified 24 reports, published since 1989, providing data on 32 otherwise healthy subjects, who experienced 67 well-documented episodes of Clarkson syndrome. The condition affected more frequently girls (21, 66%) than boys, presented throughout childhood, and was preceded by a mostly viral illness in 75% of cases. A monoclonal gammopathy was never reported. Uncompensated circulatory shock, muscle compartment syndrome, acute kidney injury, pulmonary edema, and either pleural or pericardial effusion were, in decreasing order of frequency, the most common complications. Four patients died.Conclusion: Clarkson syndrome develops not only in adulthood but also in childhood. In this age group, this condition is not linked to a monoclonal gammopathy. What is Known: • Clarkson syndrome is a rare condition that has been diagnosed mainly in middle-aged adults and is mostly linked to a monoclonal gammopathy. What is New: • In subjects ≤ 18 years of age, Clarkson syndrome is not linked to a monoclonal gammopathy.
Language
  • English
Open access status
closed
Identifiers
Persistent URL
https://folia.unifr.ch/global/documents/43992
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