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The Synergistic Interplay between Vitamins D and K for Bone and Cardiovascular Health: A Narrative Review

  • van Ballegooijen, Adriana J. ORCID Department of Health Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and the Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  • Pilz, Stefan Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center and the Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  • Tomaschitz, Andreas Bad Gleichenberg Clinic, Bad Gleichenberg, Austria
  • Grübler, Martin R. Department of Cardiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center Bern, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
  • Verheyen, Nicolas Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
Published in:
  • International Journal of Endocrinology. - Hindawi Limited. - 2017, vol. 2017, p. 1-12
English Vitamins D and K are both fat-soluble vitamins and play a central role in calcium metabolism. Vitamin D promotes the production of vitamin K-dependent proteins, which require vitamin K for carboxylation in order to function properly. The purpose of this review is to summarize available evidence of the synergistic interplay between vitamins D and K on bone and cardiovascular health. Animal and human studies suggest that optimal concentrations of both vitamin D and vitamin K are beneficial for bone and cardiovascular health as supported by genetic, molecular, cellular, and human studies. Most clinical trials studied vitamin D and K supplementation with bone health in postmenopausal women. Few intervention trials studied vitamin D and K supplementation with cardiovascular-related outcomes. These limited studies indicate that joint supplementation might be beneficial for cardiovascular health. Current evidence supports the notion that joint supplementation of vitamins D and K might be more effective than the consumption of either alone for bone and cardiovascular health. As more is discovered about the powerful combination of vitamins D and K, it gives a renewed reason to eat a healthy diet including a variety of foods such as vegetables and fermented dairy for bone and cardiovascular health.
Language
  • English
Open access status
gold
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Persistent URL
https://folia.unifr.ch/global/documents/217757
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