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Precision Measurement of Cosmic-Ray Nitrogen and its Primary and Secondary Components with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station.

  • Aguilar M Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
  • Ali Cavasonza L I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
  • Alpat B INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
  • Ambrosi G INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
  • Arruda L Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), P-1000 Lisboa, Portugal.
  • Attig N Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.
  • Aupetit S Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France.
  • Azzarello P DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland.
  • Bachlechner A I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
  • Barao F Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), P-1000 Lisboa, Portugal.
  • Barrau A Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France.
  • Barrin L European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.
  • Bartoloni A INFN Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italy.
  • Basara L INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy.
  • Başeğmez-du Pree S Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
  • Battarbee M Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
  • Battiston R INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy.
  • Becker U Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • Behlmann M Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • Beischer B I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
  • Berdugo J Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
  • Bertucci B INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
  • Bindel KF Institut für Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
  • Bindi V Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.
  • de Boer W Institut für Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
  • Bollweg K National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Jacobs Engineering, and Business Integra, Houston, Texas 77058, USA.
  • Bonnivard V Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France.
  • Borgia B INFN Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italy.
  • Boschini MJ INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy.
  • Bourquin M DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland.
  • Bueno EF Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
  • Burger J Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • Burger WJ INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy.
  • Cai XD Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • Capell M Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • Caroff S Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3, Université Grenoble-Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74000 Annecy, France.
  • Casaus J Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
  • Castellini G CNR-IROE, I-50125 Firenze, Italy.
  • Cervelli F INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy.
  • Chang YH National Central University (NCU), Chung-Li, Tao Yuan 32054, Taiwan.
  • Chen AI Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • Chen GM Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
  • Chen HS Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
  • Chen Y DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland.
  • Cheng L Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.
  • Chou HY National Central University (NCU), Chung-Li, Tao Yuan 32054, Taiwan.
  • Choumilov E Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • Choutko V Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • Chung CH I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
  • Clark C National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Jacobs Engineering, and Business Integra, Houston, Texas 77058, USA.
  • Clavero R Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), E-38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
  • Coignet G Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3, Université Grenoble-Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74000 Annecy, France.
  • Consolandi C Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.
  • Contin A INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
  • Corti C Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.
  • Creus W Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
  • Crispoltoni M INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
  • Cui Z Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.
  • Dadzie K Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • Dai YM Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
  • Datta A Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.
  • Delgado C Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
  • Della Torre S INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy.
  • Demirköz MB Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
  • Derome L Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France.
  • Di Falco S INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy.
  • Dimiccoli F European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.
  • Díaz C Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
  • von Doetinchem P Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.
  • Dong F Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China.
  • Donnini F INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
  • Duranti M INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
  • Egorov A Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • Eline A Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • Eronen T Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
  • Feng J Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • Fiandrini E INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
  • Fisher P Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • Formato V INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
  • Galaktionov Y Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • Gallucci G INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy.
  • García-López RJ Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), E-38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
  • Gargiulo C European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.
  • Gast H I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
  • Gebauer I Institut für Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
  • Gervasi M INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy.
  • Ghelfi A Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France.
  • Giovacchini F Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
  • Gómez-Coral DM Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México, D. F., 01000 Mexico.
  • Gong J Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China.
  • Goy C Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3, Université Grenoble-Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74000 Annecy, France.
  • Grabski V Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México, D. F., 01000 Mexico.
  • Grandi D INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy.
  • Graziani M Institut für Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
  • Guo KH Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China.
  • Haino S Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
  • Han KC National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST), Longtan, Tao Yuan 32546, Taiwan.
  • He ZH Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China.
  • Heil M Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • Hsieh TH Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • Huang H Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
  • Huang ZC Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China.
  • Incagli M INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy.
  • Jia Y Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • Jinchi H National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST), Longtan, Tao Yuan 32546, Taiwan.
  • Kanishev K European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.
  • Khiali B National Central University (NCU), Chung-Li, Tao Yuan 32054, Taiwan.
  • Kirn T I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
  • Konak C Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
  • Kounina O Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • Kounine A Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • Koutsenko V Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • Kulemzin A Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • La Vacca G INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy.
  • Laudi E European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.
  • Laurenti G INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
  • Lazzizzera I INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy.
  • Lebedev A Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • Lee HT Academia Sinica Grid Center (ASGC), Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
  • Lee SC Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
  • Leluc C DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland.
  • Li HS National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
  • Li JQ Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China.
  • Li Q Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China.
  • Li TX Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China.
  • Li ZH Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
  • Li ZY Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
  • Lin CH Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
  • Lipari P INFN Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italy.
  • Lippert T Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.
  • Liu D National Central University (NCU), Chung-Li, Tao Yuan 32054, Taiwan.
  • Liu H Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • Liu Z DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland.
  • Lordello VD Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
  • Lu SQ Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
  • Lu YS Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
  • Luebelsmeyer K I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
  • Luo F Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.
  • Luo JZ Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China.
  • Lyu SS Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China.
  • Machate F I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
  • Mañá C Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
  • Marín J Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
  • Martin T National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Jacobs Engineering, and Business Integra, Houston, Texas 77058, USA.
  • Martínez G Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
  • Masi N INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
  • Maurin D Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France.
  • Menchaca-Rocha A Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México, D. F., 01000 Mexico.
  • Meng Q Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China.
  • Mikuni VM Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
  • Mo DC Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China.
  • Mott P National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Jacobs Engineering, and Business Integra, Houston, Texas 77058, USA.
  • Mussolin L INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
  • Nelson T Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.
  • Ni JQ Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China.
  • Nikonov N I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
  • Nozzoli F INFN TIFPA, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy.
  • Oliva A Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
  • Orcinha M Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), P-1000 Lisboa, Portugal.
  • Palermo M Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.
  • Palmonari F INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
  • Palomares C Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
  • Paniccia M DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland.
  • Pauluzzi M INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
  • Pensotti S INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy.
  • Perrina C DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland.
  • Phan HD Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • Picot-Clemente N IPST, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
  • Pilo F INFN Sezione di Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy.
  • Plyaskin V Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • Pohl M DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland.
  • Poireau V Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3, Université Grenoble-Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74000 Annecy, France.
  • Quadrani L INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
  • Qi XM Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China.
  • Qin X Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • Qu ZY Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
  • Räihä T I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
  • Rancoita PG INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy.
  • Rapin D DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland.
  • Ricol JS Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Grenoble-Alpes, F-38026 Grenoble, France.
  • Rosier-Lees S Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3, Université Grenoble-Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74000 Annecy, France.
  • Rozhkov A Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • Rozza D INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy.
  • Sagdeev R East-West Center for Space Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
  • Schael S I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
  • Schmidt SM Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.
  • Schulz von Dratzig A I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
  • Schwering G I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
  • Seo ES IPST, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
  • Shan BS Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing 100191, China.
  • Shi JY Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China.
  • Siedenburg T I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
  • Song JW Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.
  • Tacconi M INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy.
  • Tang XW Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
  • Tang ZC Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
  • Tescaro D Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), E-38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
  • Tian J INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
  • Ting SCC Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • Ting SM Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • Tomassetti N INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
  • Torsti J Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
  • Urban T National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Jacobs Engineering, and Business Integra, Houston, Texas 77058, USA.
  • Vagelli V INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
  • Valente E INFN Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italy.
  • Valtonen E Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
  • Vázquez Acosta M Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), E-38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
  • Vecchi M KVI-Center for Advanced Radiation Technology, University of Groningen, NL-9700 AB Groningen, Netherlands.
  • Velasco M Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
  • Vialle JP Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), CNRS/IN2P3, Université Grenoble-Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, F-74000 Annecy, France.
  • Wang LQ Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.
  • Wang NH Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.
  • Wang QL Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
  • Wang X Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • Wang XQ Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
  • Wang ZX Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China.
  • Wei CC Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
  • Wei J DPNC, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland.
  • Weng ZL Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • Whitman K Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.
  • Wu H Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China.
  • Xiong RQ Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China.
  • Xu W Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • Yan Q Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • Yang M Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
  • Yang Y National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
  • Yi H Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China.
  • Yu YJ Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
  • Yu ZQ Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
  • Zannoni M INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy.
  • Zeissler S Institut für Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
  • Zhang C Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
  • Zhang F Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
  • Zhang J Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • Zhang JH Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China.
  • Zhang SW Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
  • Zhang Z Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
  • Zheng ZM Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing 100191, China.
  • Zhuang HL Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
  • Zhukov V I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
  • Zichichi A INFN Sezione di Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
  • Zimmermann N I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
  • Zuccon P Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
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  • 2018-08-18
Published in:
  • Physical review letters. - 2018
English A precision measurement of the nitrogen flux with rigidity (momentum per unit charge) from 2.2 GV to 3.3 TV based on 2.2×10^{6} events is presented. The detailed rigidity dependence of the nitrogen flux spectral index is presented for the first time. The spectral index rapidly hardens at high rigidities and becomes identical to the spectral indices of primary He, C, and O cosmic rays above ∼700  GV. We observed that the nitrogen flux Φ_{N} can be presented as the sum of its primary component Φ_{N}^{P} and secondary component Φ_{N}^{S}, Φ_{N}=Φ_{N}^{P}+Φ_{N}^{S}, and we found Φ_{N} is well described by the weighted sum of the oxygen flux Φ_{O} (primary cosmic rays) and the boron flux Φ_{B} (secondary cosmic rays), with Φ_{N}^{P}=(0.090±0.002)×Φ_{O} and Φ_{N}^{S}=(0.62±0.02)×Φ_{B} over the entire rigidity range. This corresponds to a change of the contribution of the secondary cosmic ray component in the nitrogen flux from 70% at a few GV to <30% above 1 TV.
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