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MR1-Restricted T Cells Are Unprecedented Cancer Fighters.

  • Vacchini A Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
  • Chancellor A Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
  • Spagnuolo J Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
  • Mori L Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
  • De Libero G Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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  • 2020-05-16
Published in:
  • Frontiers in immunology. - 2020
MR1
MR1T
T-cell therapy
self-antigens
tumor recognition
English Non-polymorphic MHC class I-related molecule MR1 presents antigenic bacterial metabolites to mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells and self-antigens to MR1-restricted T (MR1T) cells. Both MR1-restricted T cell populations are readily identified in healthy individuals, with MAIT cells accounting for 1-10% of circulating T cells, while MR1T cells have frequencies comparable to peptide-specific T cells (<0.1%). Self-reactive MR1T cells display a heterogeneous phenotype, and are capable of releasing both TH1 and TH2 cytokines, supporting not only activation of inflammation but also contributing to its regulation. Importantly, MR1T cells recognize and kill a diverse range of MR1-expressing tumor cells. On the other hand, evidence suggests MAIT cells augment cancer growth and metastases. This review addresses the potential role of MR1-restricted T cells in controlling tumor cells, facilitating their elimination and regulating cancer immunity. We also discuss therapeutic opportunities surrounding MR1-restricted T cells in cancer.
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  • English
Open access status
gold
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https://folia.unifr.ch/global/documents/160439
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