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Plasmodium vivax Diversity and Population Structure across Four Continents.

  • Koepfli C Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
  • Rodrigues PT Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
  • Antao T Department of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
  • Orjuela-Sánchez P Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
  • Van den Eede P Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
  • Gamboa D Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander Von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
  • van Hong N National Institute of Malariology, Parasitology, and Entomology, Hanoi, Vietnam.
  • Bendezu J Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander Von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
  • Erhart A Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
  • Barnadas C Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
  • Ratsimbasoa A Immunology Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
  • Menard D Institut Pasteur de Cambodge, Malaria Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
  • Severini C Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immunomediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
  • Menegon M Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immunomediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
  • Nour BY Department of Parasitology, Blue Nile National Institute for Communicable Diseases, University of Gezira, Wad Medani, Sudan.
  • Karunaweera N Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka.
  • Mueller I Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Barcelona Centre for International Health Research, Barcelona, Spain.
  • Ferreira MU Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
  • Felger I Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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  • 2015-07-01
Published in:
  • PLoS neglected tropical diseases. - 2015
Africa
Alleles
Americas
Asia
Cluster Analysis
Cohort Studies
Genetic Variation
Genetics, Population
Genotype
Geography
Haplotypes
Humans
Linkage Disequilibrium
Madagascar
Malaria, Vivax
Microsatellite Repeats
Plasmodium vivax
English Plasmodium vivax is the geographically most widespread human malaria parasite. To analyze patterns of microsatellite diversity and population structure across countries of different transmission intensity, genotyping data from 11 microsatellite markers was either generated or compiled from 841 isolates from four continents collected in 1999-2008. Diversity was highest in South-East Asia (mean allelic richness 10.0-12.8), intermediate in the South Pacific (8.1-9.9) Madagascar and Sudan (7.9-8.4), and lowest in South America and Central Asia (5.5-7.2). A reduced panel of only 3 markers was sufficient to identify approx. 90% of all haplotypes in South Pacific, African and SE-Asian populations, but only 60-80% in Latin American populations, suggesting that typing of 2-6 markers, depending on the level of endemicity, is sufficient for epidemiological studies. Clustering analysis showed distinct clusters in Peru and Brazil, but little sub-structuring was observed within Africa, SE-Asia or the South Pacific. Isolates from Uzbekistan were exceptional, as a near-clonal parasite population was observed that was clearly separated from all other populations (FST>0.2). Outside Central Asia FST values were highest (0.11-0.16) between South American and all other populations, and lowest (0.04-0.07) between populations from South-East Asia and the South Pacific. These comparisons between P. vivax populations from four continents indicated that not only transmission intensity, but also geographical isolation affect diversity and population structure. However, the high effective population size results in slow changes of these parameters. This persistency must be taken into account when assessing the impact of control programs on the genetic structure of parasite populations.
Language
  • English
Open access status
gold
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Persistent URL
https://folia.unifr.ch/global/documents/159952
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