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An intermittent extreme BL Lac: MWL study of 1ES 2344+514 in an enhanced state

  • Acciari, MAGIC Collaboration: V A Departamento Astrofísica,Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
  • Ansoldi, S Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
  • Antonelli, L A National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
  • Arbet Engels, A ORCID ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
  • Babić, A Croatian Consortium: Department of Physics, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; FESB – University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; FER – University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
  • Banerjee, B Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, HBNI, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Salt Lake, Sector-1, Kolkata 700064, India
  • Barres de Almeida, U Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), 22290-180 URCA, Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil
  • Barrio, J A IPARCOS Institute and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
  • Becerra González, J Departamento Astrofísica,Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
  • Bednarek, W Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, Department of Astrophysics, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
  • Bellizzi, L Università di Siena; INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy
  • Bernardini, E Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
  • Berti, A Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare (INFN), 00044 Frascati (Roma), Italy
  • Besenrieder, J Max–Planck–Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
  • Bhattacharyya, W Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
  • Bigongiari, C National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
  • Blanch, O Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
  • Bonnoli, G Università di Siena; INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy
  • Bošnjak, Ž Croatian Consortium: Department of Physics, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; FESB – University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; FER – University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
  • Busetto, G Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
  • Carosi, R INFN Pisa, Università di Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
  • Ceribella, G Max–Planck–Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
  • Cerruti, M ICCUB, IEEC-UB, Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
  • Chai, Y Max–Planck–Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
  • Chilingaryan, A The Armenian Consortium: ICRANet-Armenia at NAS RA, A. Alikhanyan National Laboratory, 0019 Yerevan, Armenia
  • Cikota, S Croatian Consortium: Department of Physics, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; FESB – University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; FER – University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
  • Colak, S M Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
  • Colin, U Max–Planck–Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
  • Colombo, E Departamento Astrofísica,Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
  • Contreras, J L IPARCOS Institute and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
  • Cortina, J Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
  • Covino, S National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
  • D’Elia, V National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
  • Da Vela, P INFN Pisa, Università di Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
  • Dazzi, F National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
  • De Angelis, A Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
  • De Lotto, B Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy
  • Delfino, M Port d’Informació Científica (PIC), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
  • Delgado, J Port d’Informació Científica (PIC), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
  • Depaoli, D Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare (INFN), 00044 Frascati (Roma), Italy
  • Di Pierro, F Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare (INFN), 00044 Frascati (Roma), Italy
  • Di Venere, L Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare (INFN), 00044 Frascati (Roma), Italy
  • Do Souto Espiñeira, E Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
  • Dominis Prester, D Croatian Consortium: Department of Physics, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; FESB – University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; FER – University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
  • Donini, A Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy
  • Doro, M Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
  • Elsaesser, D Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
  • Fallah Ramazani, V Finnish MAGIC Consortium: Finnish Centre of Astronomy with ESO (FINCA), University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland; Astronomy Research Unit, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
  • Fattorini, A Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
  • Ferrara, G National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
  • Foffano, L Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
  • Fonseca, M V IPARCOS Institute and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
  • Font, L Departament de Física, and CERES-IEEC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
  • Fruck, C Max–Planck–Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
  • Fukami, S Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
  • García López, R J Departamento Astrofísica,Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
  • Garczarczyk, M Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
  • Gasparyan, S The Armenian Consortium: ICRANet-Armenia at NAS RA, A. Alikhanyan National Laboratory, 0019 Yerevan, Armenia
  • Gaug, M Departament de Física, and CERES-IEEC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
  • Giglietto, N Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare (INFN), 00044 Frascati (Roma), Italy
  • Giordano, F Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare (INFN), 00044 Frascati (Roma), Italy
  • Godinović, N Croatian Consortium: Department of Physics, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; FESB – University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; FER – University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
  • Gliwny, P Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, Department of Astrophysics, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
  • Green, D Max–Planck–Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
  • Hadasch, D Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
  • Hahn, A Max–Planck–Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
  • Herrera, J Departamento Astrofísica,Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
  • Hoang, J IPARCOS Institute and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
  • Hrupec, D Croatian Consortium: Department of Physics, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; FESB – University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; FER – University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
  • Hütten, M Max–Planck–Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
  • Inada, T Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
  • Inoue, S Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
  • Ishio, K Max–Planck–Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
  • Iwamura, Y Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
  • Jouvin, L Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
  • Kajiwara, Y Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
  • Kerszberg, D Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
  • Kobayashi, Y Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
  • Kubo, H Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
  • Kushida, J Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
  • Lamastra, A National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
  • Lelas, D Croatian Consortium: Department of Physics, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; FESB – University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; FER – University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
  • Leone, F National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
  • Lindfors, E Finnish MAGIC Consortium: Finnish Centre of Astronomy with ESO (FINCA), University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland; Astronomy Research Unit, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
  • Lombardi, S National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
  • Longo, F Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
  • López, M IPARCOS Institute and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
  • López-Coto, R Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
  • López-Oramas, A Departamento Astrofísica,Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
  • Loporchio, S Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare (INFN), 00044 Frascati (Roma), Italy
  • Machado de Oliveira Fraga, B Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), 22290-180 URCA, Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil
  • Maggio, C Departament de Física, and CERES-IEEC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
  • Majumdar, P Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, HBNI, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Salt Lake, Sector-1, Kolkata 700064, India
  • Makariev, M Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
  • Mallamaci, M Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
  • Maneva, G Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
  • Manganaro, M ORCID Croatian Consortium: Department of Physics, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; FESB – University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; FER – University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
  • Maraschi, L National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
  • Mariotti, M Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
  • Martínez, M Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
  • Mazin, D Max–Planck–Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
  • Mender, S Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
  • Mićanović, S Croatian Consortium: Department of Physics, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; FESB – University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; FER – University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
  • Miceli, D Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy
  • Miener, T IPARCOS Institute and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
  • Minev, M Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
  • Miranda, J M Università di Siena; INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy
  • Mirzoyan, R Max–Planck–Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
  • Molina, E ICCUB, IEEC-UB, Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
  • Moralejo, A Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
  • Morcuende, D IPARCOS Institute and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
  • Moreno, V Departament de Física, and CERES-IEEC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
  • Moretti, E Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
  • Munar-Adrover, P Departament de Física, and CERES-IEEC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
  • Neustroev, V Finnish MAGIC Consortium: Finnish Centre of Astronomy with ESO (FINCA), University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland; Astronomy Research Unit, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
  • Nigro, C Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
  • Nilsson, K Finnish MAGIC Consortium: Finnish Centre of Astronomy with ESO (FINCA), University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland; Astronomy Research Unit, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
  • Ninci, D Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
  • Nishijima, K Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
  • Noda, K Departament de Física, and CERES-IEEC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
  • Nogués, L Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
  • Nozaki, S Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
  • Ohtani, Y Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
  • Oka, T Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
  • Otero-Santos, J Departamento Astrofísica,Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
  • Paiano, S Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
  • Palatiello, M Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy
  • Paneque, D Max–Planck–Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
  • Paoletti, R Università di Siena; INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy
  • Paredes, J M ICCUB, IEEC-UB, Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
  • Pavletić, L Croatian Consortium: Department of Physics, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; FESB – University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; FER – University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
  • Peñil, P IPARCOS Institute and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
  • Peresano, M Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy
  • Persic, M INAF – Trieste and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, I-34143 Trieste and I-40127 Bologna, Italy
  • Prada Moroni, P G INFN Pisa, Università di Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
  • Prandini, E Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
  • Puljak, I Croatian Consortium: Department of Physics, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; FESB – University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; FER – University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
  • Ribó, M ICCUB, IEEC-UB, Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
  • Rico, J Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
  • Righi, C National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
  • Rugliancich, A INFN Pisa, Università di Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
  • Saha, L IPARCOS Institute and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
  • Sahakyan, N The Armenian Consortium: ICRANet-Armenia at NAS RA, A. Alikhanyan National Laboratory, 0019 Yerevan, Armenia
  • Saito, T Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
  • Sakurai, S Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
  • Satalecka, K Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
  • Schleicher, B Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
  • Schmidt, K Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
  • Schweizer, T Max–Planck–Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
  • Sitarek, J Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, Department of Astrophysics, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
  • Šnidarić, I Croatian Consortium: Department of Physics, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; FESB – University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; FER – University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
  • Sobczynska, D Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, Department of Astrophysics, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
  • Spolon, A Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
  • Stamerra, A National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
  • Strom, D Max–Planck–Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
  • Strzys, M Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
  • Suda, Y Max–Planck–Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
  • Surić, T Croatian Consortium: Department of Physics, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; FESB – University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; FER – University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
  • Takahashi, M Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
  • Tavecchio, F National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
  • Temnikov, P Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
  • Terzić, T Croatian Consortium: Department of Physics, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; FESB – University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; FER – University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
  • Teshima, M Max–Planck–Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
  • Torres-Albà, N ICCUB, IEEC-UB, Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
  • Tosti, L Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare (INFN), 00044 Frascati (Roma), Italy
  • van Scherpenberg, J Max–Planck–Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
  • Vanzo, G Departamento Astrofísica,Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
  • Vazquez Acosta, M Departamento Astrofísica,Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
  • Ventura, S Università di Siena; INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy
  • Verguilov, V Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
  • Vigorito, C F Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare (INFN), 00044 Frascati (Roma), Italy
  • Vitale, V Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare (INFN), 00044 Frascati (Roma), Italy
  • Vovk, I Max–Planck–Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
  • Will, M Max–Planck–Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
  • Zarić, D Croatian Consortium: Department of Physics, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; FESB – University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; FER – University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
  • Baack, FACT Collaboration: D Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
  • Balbo, M Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva, Chemin d’Écogia 16, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland
  • Beck, M RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
  • Biederbeck, N Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
  • Biland, A ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
  • Blank, M ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
  • Bretz, T RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
  • Bruegge, K Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
  • Bulinski, M Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
  • Buss, J Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
  • Doerr, M Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
  • Dorner, D ORCID Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
  • Hildebrand, D ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
  • Iotov, R Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
  • Klinger, M RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
  • Mannheim, K Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
  • Achim Mueller, S ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
  • Neise, D ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
  • Neronov, A Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva, Chemin d’Écogia 16, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland
  • Nöthe, M Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
  • Paravac, A Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
  • Rhode, W Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
  • Schleicher, B Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
  • Sedlaczek, K Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
  • Shukla, A Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
  • Sliusar, V Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva, Chemin d’Écogia 16, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland
  • Tani, L ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
  • Theissen, F RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
  • Walter, R Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva, Chemin d’Écogia 16, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland
  • Acosta Pulido, MWL Collaborators: J Departamento Astrofísica,Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
  • Filippenko, A V Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
  • Hovatta, T Aalto University Metsähovi Radio Observatory, Metsähovintie 114, FI-02540 Kylmälä, Finland
  • Kiehlmann, S Owens Valley Radio Observatory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
  • Larionov, V M Main (Pulkovo) Astronomical Observatory of RAS, Pulkovskoye shosse 60, St. Petersburg 196149, Russia
  • Max-Moerbeck, W Departamento de Astronomía, Universidad de Chile, Camino El Observatorio 1515, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile
  • Raiteri, C M INAF, Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy
  • Readhead, A C S Owens Valley Radio Observatory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
  • Šegon, M Croatian Consortium: Department of Physics, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; FESB – University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; FER – University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
  • Villata, M INAF, Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy
  • Zheng, W Department of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3411, USA
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  • 2020-6-17
Published in:
  • Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2020, vol. 496, no. 3, p. 3912-3928
Space and Planetary Science
Astronomy and Astrophysics
English ABSTRACT
Extreme high-frequency BL Lacs (EHBL) feature their synchrotron peak of the broad-band spectral energy distribution (SED) at νs ≥ 1017 Hz. The BL Lac object 1ES 2344+514 was included in the EHBL family because of its impressive shift of the synchrotron peak in 1996. During the following years, the source appeared to be in a low state without showing any extreme behaviours. In 2016 August, 1ES 2344+514 was detected with the ground-based γ-ray telescope FACT during a high γ-ray state, triggering multiwavelength (MWL) observations. We studied the MWL light curves of 1ES 2344+514 during the 2016 flaring state, using data from radio to very-high-energy (VHE) γ-rays taken with OVRO, KAIT, KVA, NOT, some telescopes of the GASP-WEBT collaboration at the Teide, Crimean, and St. Petersburg observatories, Swift-UVOT, Swift-XRT, Fermi-LAT, FACT, and MAGIC. With simultaneous observations of the flare, we built the broad-band SED and studied it in the framework of a leptonic and a hadronic model. The VHE γ-ray observations show a flux level of 55 per cent of the Crab Nebula flux above 300 GeV, similar to the historical maximum of 1995. The combination of MAGIC and Fermi-LAT spectra provides an unprecedented characterization of the inverse-Compton peak for this object during a flaring episode. The Γ index of the intrinsic spectrum in the VHE γ-ray band is 2.04 ± 0.12stat ± 0.15sys. We find the source in an extreme state with a shift of the position of the synchrotron peak to frequencies above or equal to 1018 Hz.
Language
  • English
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green
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https://folia.unifr.ch/global/documents/134524
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