<oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
  <dc:creator>Kaufmann, Lena</dc:creator>
  <dc:date>2025</dc:date>
  <dc:description xmlns:ns0="xml" ns0:lang="en">This essay explores how we can ethnographically study contested Chinese multinationals when access is limited due to geopolitical sensitivities and technological competition. I argue that, despite these challenges, studying Chinese companies is essential to contribute nuanced empirical analysis to geopolitical debates. Drawing on anthropological research on Chinese information and communication technology firms in Switzerland, I reflect on challenges and methodological strategies. Expanding Gusterson’s notion of ‘polymorphous engagement’, I propose a multi-sited approach combining analogue and digital sources, interviews, and participant observation. Attending to both human and non-human actors, I offer a socio-technical framework for researching Global China in Europe and beyond.</dc:description>
  <dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
  <dc:identifier>https://folia.unifr.ch/global/documents/334074</dc:identifier>
  <dc:identifier>https://folia.unifr.ch/documents/334074/files/kaufmann-2025-polymorphousengagementwithglobalchina.pdf</dc:identifier>
  <dc:language>eng</dc:language>
  <dc:relation>info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.69131/GCP.04.01.2025.06</dc:relation>
  <dc:relation>info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/2004-4607</dc:relation>
  <dc:rights>info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess</dc:rights>
  <dc:rights>License undefined</dc:rights>
  <dc:source>Global China Pulse. - Centre for East and South-East Asian Studies, Lund University and Global China Lab APS. - 2025, vol. 4, no. 1, p. 66–77</dc:source>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns1="xml" ns1:lang="en">Research methods</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns2="xml" ns2:lang="en">Polymorphous approach</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns3="xml" ns3:lang="en">Business ethnography</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns4="xml" ns4:lang="en">Contested companies</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns5="xml" ns5:lang="en">Global China</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns6="xml" ns6:lang="en">Switzerland</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns7="xml" ns7:lang="en">Information and Communication Technology (ICT) companies</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject>info:eu-repo/classification/udc/root_3</dc:subject>
  <dc:title xmlns:ns8="xml" ns8:lang="en">Polymorphous Engagement with Global China: Researching Contested Chinese Companies in Western Europe</dc:title>
  <dc:type>http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501</dc:type>
</oai_dc:dc>