<oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
  <dc:creator>Kim, Kyung-Min</dc:creator>
  <dc:creator>Kim, Joo-Sung</dc:creator>
  <dc:creator>Cruz-Díaz, David</dc:creator>
  <dc:creator>Ryu, Seungho</dc:creator>
  <dc:creator>Kang, Minsoo</dc:creator>
  <dc:creator>Taube, Wolfgang</dc:creator>
  <dc:date>2019</dc:date>
  <dc:description xmlns:ns0="xml" ns0:lang="en">The objective of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to determine  alterations in spinal and corticospinal excitability of ankle muscles in patients with  chronic ankle instability (CAI) compared to uninjured controls. Independent  researchers performed comprehensive literature searches of electronic databases  and included studies that compared groups with and without CAI and investigated  neural excitability with Hoffmann reflex (H-reflex) and/or transcranial magnetic  stimulation (TMS). A fixed-effect meta-analysis was conducted to determine group  differences for (1) soleus and fibularis maximal H-reflex (Hmax)/maximal M-wave  (Mmax)-ratios, and (2) soleus and fibularis longus cortical motor thresholds (CMTs).  Seventeen studies were included in the current meta-analysis. They showed that the  Hmax/Mmax-ratios of the soleus and the fibularis longus in the CAI group were  significantly lower than those in the uninjured control group (soleus: d = −0.41, p &lt;  0.001; fibularis longus: d = −0.27, p = 0.04). There was no evidence for changes in the  CMT. This systematic review is the first to demonstrate evidence that patients with CAI  present decreased spinal reflex excitability in the soleus and fibularis longus.  However, there is no evidence of changes in supraspinal excitability when considering  only the CMT. The latter result needs to be interpreted with caution as all except one  study demonstrate some changes at the supraspinal level with CAI.</dc:description>
  <dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
  <dc:identifier>https://folia.unifr.ch/global/documents/308191</dc:identifier>
  <dc:identifier>https://folia.unifr.ch/documents/308191/files/tau_csc.pdf</dc:identifier>
  <dc:language>eng</dc:language>
  <dc:relation>info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3390/jcm8071037</dc:relation>
  <dc:rights>info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess</dc:rights>
  <dc:rights>License undefined</dc:rights>
  <dc:source>Journal of Clinical Medicine. - 2019, vol. 8, no. 7, p. 1037</dc:source>
  <dc:subject>info:eu-repo/classification/udc/796</dc:subject>
  <dc:title xmlns:ns1="xml" ns1:lang="en">Changes in spinal and corticospinal excitability in patients with chronic ankle instability: a systematic review with meta-analysis</dc:title>
  <dc:type>http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501</dc:type>
</oai_dc:dc>