Vaquié, Adrien Sauvain, Alizée Duman, Mert Nocera, Gianluigi Egger, Boris Meyenhofer, Felix Falquet, Laurent Bartesaghi, Luca Chrast, Roman Lamy, Christophe M. Bang, Seokyoung Lee, Seung-Ryeol Jeon, Noo Li Ruff, Sophie Jacob, Claire 2019-06-11 After a peripheral nerve lesion, distal ends of injured axons disintegrate into small fragments that are subsequently cleared by Schwann cells and later by macrophages. Axonal debris clearing is an early step of the repair process that facilitates regeneration. We show here that Schwann cells promote distal cut axon disintegration for timely clearing. By combining cell-based and in vivo models of nerve lesion with mouse genetics, we show that this mechanism is induced by distal cut axons, which signal to Schwann cells through PlGF mediating the activation and upregulation of VEGFR1 in Schwann cells. In turn, VEGFR1 activates Pak1, leading to the formation of constricting actomyosin spheres along unfragmented distal cut axons to mediate their disintegration. Interestingly, oligodendrocytes can acquire a similar behavior as Schwann cells by enforced expression of VEGFR1. These results thus identify controllable molecular cues of a neuron-glia crosstalk essential for timely clearing of damaged axons. application/pdf https://folia.unifr.ch/global/documents/307916 https://folia.unifr.ch/documents/307916/files/jac_iai.pdf https://folia.unifr.ch/documents/307916/files/jac_iai_sm.pdf https://folia.unifr.ch/documents/307916/files/taba.txt https://folia.unifr.ch/documents/307916/files/tabb.txt https://folia.unifr.ch/documents/307916/files/tabc.txt eng info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.celrep.2019.05.060 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess License undefined Cell Reports. - 2019, vol. 27, no. 11, p. 3152-3166.e7 info:eu-repo/classification/udc/57 Injured axons instruct schwann cells to build constricting actin spheres to accelerate axonal disintegration http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501